Tourist in the Andalusian region

In Spain, the Andalusian region provides both local and international visitors with unrivalled tourist attractions. However, the awareness of these attractions depends on successful tourism marketing strategies. It is worth noting that tourism involves selling services. Therefore, a well-crafted services marketing plan is crucial to the long-term success of Andalusian Heritage tours.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tourist in the Andalusian region specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Market segmentation, positioning and service quality are some of the marketing strategies that can be used to promote Andalusian Heritage tours. Market segmentation divides Andalusian Heritage’s visitors into manageable groups. On the other hand, market positioning and service quality enhances visitors’ perception of this wonderful attraction. This paper provides insights into how market segmentation, positioning and servic e quality can be used to market the Andalusian Heritage tours in Spain and abroad. Market segmentation is a process through which customers are classified into divergent groups or subgroups. In other words, consumers are divided into subsets with similar characteristics or needs. For that reason, the various segments of Andalusian Heritage tours’ visitors require different products and services. Andalusian Heritage tours’ market can be segmented based on demographic and behavioral patterns of the visitors. Therefore, visitors should be targeted based on their home region and preferences. Moreover, these tours are mainly visited by people who come from the Andalusian region, the rest of Spain and abroad. Consequently, Spain’s tourism board must target locals and international visitors using different marketing methods. Domestic tourism plays a pivotal role in upholding the status of flourishing tourist destinations. For that reason, the Andalusian Heritage progra m must endeavor to promote its tours to the local Spaniards. Domestic tourism creates a situation where the local population is able to enjoy what the surroundings offer. Accordingly, the Andalusian Heritage program must create experiences and attractions that are affordable and interesting to the Spanish people. On the other hand, attractions for international visitors must guarantee satisfaction. Therefore, the Andalusian Heritage program must come up with innovative ways of competing for international tourists. Some of the most effective methods of attracting international tourists include creating multi-seasonal experiences, focusing on adventure travel and giving online promotional tools a global outlook.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, the Andalusian Heritage Program’s website should not be in English alone. Another way of segmenting these toursà ¢â‚¬â„¢ market is through preferences. Some of the visitors have an interest in culture, shopping, nature and touring the region via specific itineraries offered by the Andalusian Heritage program. Therefore, different experiences should be created to ensure that all visitors leave the Andalusian region satisfied. A business embarks on market positioning when it develops a brand image or a product in a client’s mind. Market positioning, therefore, improves a customer’s belief in a certain product. Excellent promotional activities and the right business mix are some of the ways through which the Andalusian Heritage can be positioned as a global brand in the tourism sector. Furthermore, Andalusian Heritage tours’ overseas and local visitors must be followed up. Follow-up ensures that visitors are not left on the cold. Conversely, lack of follow-up disintegrates the bond between the locals and the tourists. Consequently, only a few visitors make return visits to an attraction. Emails and other online methods are cheap and quick ways of doing follow ups. Furthermore, traditional methods, such as direct mails are suitable ways of complementing or substituting the online methods. Service quality is one of the factors credited with repeat customers in any business venture. In addition, providing unrivalled services helps a business in gaining a sustainable competitive advantage over its rivals. There is a positive correlation between service quality and behavioral intentions of a consumer. Accordingly, a range of attributes in a service contribute to a customer’s intention to purchase it. Service quality, therefore, dictates the overall impression of the Andalusian Heritage Program. Producing and delivering high quality services is the most effective way of ensuring that Andalusian Heritage tours stands out from other tourist attractions in the world. However, tourism marketing is different from other types of services marketing. Firstly, tourism services are mainly recreational and hospitable in nature.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tourist in the Andalusian region specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Secondly, unlike other service industries, customer must travel to the area where the products are being offered. Lastly, the recreational and friendly experiences dictate whether or not a visitor will visit an attraction. Consequently, tourism products must be marketed differently from conventional products. The Andalusian Heritage program must, thus, ensure that services offered along all routes are of good quality. For instance, trip planning packages, such as food, lodging and maps must be of unrivalled quality. In addition, these services must be offered in a timely, prompt and reliable manner. Andalusian Heritage tours should be promoted ruthlessly to Spanish and overseas visitors. A successful services marketing strategy will ensure that these attractions stand out from other wonderful tourist destinations in the world. In addition, market segmentation, market position and service quality can ensure that all Andalusian Heritage routes’ visitors are reached and their needs fully catered for. These marketing strategies are also a sure way of positioning the Andalus Heritage as an unrivalled tourist destination. This essay on Tourist in the Andalusian region was written and submitted by user Jocelyn King to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Policy of Fair Chance in Organ Transplant

The Policy of Fair Chance in Organ Transplant Since human organs are very expensive and scarce, the circumstances surrounding successful organ transplant that does not follow an ethical criteria raises more questions than answers. Since the organs are very few and expensive, it is obvious that not many people in need will be able to acquire them.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Policy of â€Å"Fair Chance† in Organ Transplant specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In fact, if finding an organ for transplant were determined by the patient, then only the rich would benefit from organ transplant. To avoid biasness, the United Network for Organ Sharing unified lists of surgery patients and suggested allocation criteria. Another alternative is for each transplant centre to keep its own wait list based on UNOS criteria. From the case study, it is vivid that Krimptiz’s quest for and eventual success in getting a liver transplant is unethical since it violat es UNOS allocation criteria. This essay reflects on this situation and illustrates how this procedure failed to meet expectations. The UNOS selection criteria recommend the use of a list of organ transplant patients according to the urgency of the transplant needed. The criteria also requires that â€Å"one gets a quick transplant only if there are no other patients near that transplant centre in a more urgent situation† (Moon, 2002). Krampitz and his wife avoided the criteria because he knew that there are more urgent cases than his. The case reports that there were 17000 patients requiring similar transplant, of which more than a thousand came from his place. He therefore used media to get a willing liver donor. Reflecting on this issue, one can justifiably conclude that Kramptitz’s transplant was unethical since it ignored the plight of other patients who were probably in a worse condition than his. Prior to the transplant, Krampitz’s case did not make any ur gency considerations. It reveals that even though he genuinely needed a liver transplant, his case was not as serious as others’. Some patients in a similar condition were near to death than he really was. Besides, it is evident that his cancerous state was so serious that making a transplant work for him was impossible (Caplan, 2004). In other words there was a high likelihood that the kidney transplant would fail. Knowing well that there were so many other patients out there whose transplant had no fatal complications like his, it was quite unethical for Krampitz’s doctor making the liver transplant.Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Knowing that UNOS criteria would delay his quest for an immediate surgery, Krampitz decides to use non medical criteria to get a liver for his transplant. He uses ads, television and other means to inform the public about his conditio n and invite any well wisher to donate their liver (Caplan, 2004). One could argue that through ads, they could convince more people to donate and help other patients in a similar condition but this is not true. Their primary goal was to convince a family to donate a liver directly to Krampitz instead of a transplant center. Based on this, one can justifiably conclude that this move was unethical since it was based on personal interest. In addition, it neglected the policy of â€Å"fair chance† in getting a liver for transplant. Krampitz’s quest and eventual success in getting a liver transplant is unethical. It neglects the UNOS organ allocation criteria by cutting the line. It is also egocentric because it is based on personal interest and neglects other patients in a more critical condition. Munson (2002, 56), states that for organ distributive justice to prevail, people should follow the UNOS allocation criteria or use non medical criteria beneficial to all patient s in a similar condition. References Caplan, A. (2004). Cutting in line for Organ Transplants. Web. Moon, L. (2002). Organ Allocation. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Policy of â€Å"Fair Chance† in Organ Transplant specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Munson, R. (2002). Raising the Dead. New York: Oxford University Press.

Hugo Chavez Biography and Dictatorship

Hugo Chavez Biography and Dictatorship Hugo Chavez (1954 - 2013) was a former Army Lieutenant Colonel and President of Venezuela. A populist, Chvez instituted what he calls a â€Å"Bolivarian Revolution† in Venezuela, where key industries were nationalized and oil revenues were used in social programs for the poor. Hugo Chvez was a vocal critic of the United States of America and, in particular, former President George W. Bush, who he once famously and publicly called a â€Å"donkey.† He was very popular with poor Venezuelans, who in February of 2009 voted to abolish term limits, allowing him to run for re-election indefinitely. Early Life of Hugo Chavez Hugo Rafael Chvez Frà ­as was born on July 28, 1954, to a poor family in the town of Sabaneta in the province of Barinas. His father was a schoolteacher and opportunities for young Hugo were limited: he joined the military at the age of seventeen. He graduated from the Venezuelan Academy of Military Sciences when he was 21 and was commissioned as an officer. He attended college while in the military but did not get a degree. After his studies, he was assigned to a counter-insurgency unit, the start of a long and noteworthy military career. He also served as head of a paratrooper unit. Chvez in the ​Military Chvez was a skilled officer, moving up in the ranks quickly and earning several commendations. He eventually reached the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. He spent some time as an instructor in his old school, the Venezuelan Academy of Military Sciences. During his time in the military, he came up with â€Å"Bolivarianism,† named for the liberator of northern South America, Venezuelan Simà ³n Bolà ­var. Chvez even went so far as to form a secret society within the army, the Movimiento Bolivariano Revolucionario 200, or the Bolivarian Revolutionary Movement 200. Chvez has long been an admirer of Simà ³n Bolà ­var. The Coup of 1992 Chvez was only one of many Venezuelans and army officers who were disgusted by corrupt Venezuelan politics, exemplified by President Carlos Pà ©rez. Along with some fellow officers, Chvez decided to forcibly oust Pà ©rez. In the morning of February 4, 1992, Chvez led five squads of loyal soldiers into Caracas, where they were to seize control of important targets including the Presidential Palace, the airport, the Defense Ministry and the military museum. All around the country, sympathetic officers seized control of other cities. Chvez and his men failed to secure Caracas, however, and the coup was quickly put down. Prison and Entry Into Politics Chvez was allowed to go on television to explain his actions, and the poor people of Venezuela identified with him. He was sent to prison but vindicated the following year when President Pà ©rez was convicted in a massive corruption scandal. Chvez was pardoned by President Rafael Caldera in 1994 and soon entered politics. He turned his MBR 200 society into a legitimate political party, the Fifth Republic Movement (abbreviated as MVR) and in 1998 ran for president. President Chvez was elected in a landslide at the end of 1998, racking up 56% of the vote. Taking office in February 1999, he quickly began implementing aspects of his â€Å"Bolivarian† brand of socialism. Clinics were set up for the poor, construction projects were approved and social programs were added. Chvez wanted a new constitution and the people approved first the assembly and then the constitution itself. Among other things, the new constitution officially changed the name of the country to the â€Å"Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.† With a new constitution in place, Chvez had to run for re-election: he won easily. Coup Venezuela’s poor loved Chvez, but the middle and upper classed despised him. On April 11, 2002, a demonstration in support of the national oil company’s management (recently fired by Chvez) turned into a riot when the demonstrators marched on the presidential palace, where they clashed with pro-Chavez forces and supporters. Chvez briefly resigned and the United States was quick to recognize the replacement government. When pro-Chavez demonstrations broke out all over the country, he returned and resumed his presidency on April 13. Chvez always believed that the United States was behind the attempted coup. Political Survivor Chvez proved to be a tough and charismatic leader. His administration survived a recall vote in 2004 and used the results as a mandate to expand social programs. He emerged as a leader in the new Latin American leftist movement and had close ties with leaders such as Bolivia’s Evo Morales, Ecuador’s Rafael Correa, Cuba’s Fidel Castro and Paraguay’s Fernando Lugo. His administration even survived a 2008 incident when laptops seized from Colombian Marxist rebels seemed to indicate that Chvez was funding them in their struggle against the Colombian government. In 2012 he easily won re-election in spite of repeated concerns over his health and his ongoing battle with cancer. Chvez and the US Much like his mentor Fidel Castro, Chvez gained much politically from his open antagonism with the United States. Many Latin Americans see the United States as an economic and political bully who dictates trade terms to weaker nations: this was particularly true during the George W. Bush administration. After the coup, Chvez went out of his way to defy the United States, establishing close ties to Iran, Cuba, Nicaragua and other nations recently unfriendly towards the US. He often went out of his way to rail against US imperialism, even once famously calling Bush a â€Å"donkey.† Administration and Legacy Hugo Chavez died on March 5, 2013, after a long battle with cancer. The final months of his life were full of drama, as he disappeared from public view not long after the 2012 elections. He was treated mainly in Cuba and rumors swirled as early as December 2012 that he had died. He returned to Venezuela in February of 2013 to continue his treatment there, but his illness eventually proved too much for his iron will. Chvez was a complicated political figure who did much for Venezuela, both good and bad. Venezuelas oil reserves are among the largest in the world, and he used much of the profits to benefit the poorest Venezuelans. He improved infrastructure, education, health, literacy and other social ills from which his people suffered. Under his guidance, Venezuela emerged as a leader in Latin America for those who do not necessarily think that the United States is always the best model to follow. Chavezs concern for Venezuelas poor was genuine. The lower socioeconomic classes rewarded Chvez with their unwavering support: they supported the new constitution and in early 2009 approved a referendum to abolish term limits on elected officials, essentially allowing him to run indefinitely. Not everyone thought the world of Chvez, however. Middle and upper-class Venezuelans despised him for nationalizing some of their lands and industries and were behind the numerous attempts to oust him. Many of them feared that Chvez was building dictatorial powers, and it is true that he had a dictatorial streak in him: he temporarily suspended Congress more than once and his 2009 referendum victory essentially allowed him to be President as long as the people kept electing him. The admiration of the people for Chavez carried over at least long enough for his hand-picked successor, Nicolas Maduro, to win a close presidential election a month after his mentors death. He cracked down on the press, greatly increasing restrictions as well as punishments for slander. He drove through a change in how the Supreme Court is structured, which allowed him to stack it with loyalists. He was widely reviled in the United States for his willingness to deal with rogue nations such as Iran: conservative televangelist Pat Robertson once famously called for his assassination in 2005. His hatred for the United States government occasionally seemed often to approach the paranoid: he accused the USA of being behind any number of plots to remove or assassinate him. This irrational hatred sometimes drove him to pursue counter-productive strategies, such as supporting Colombian rebels, publicly denouncing Israel (resulting in hate crimes against Venezuelan Jews) and spending enormous sums on Russian-built weapons and aircraft. Hugo Chavez was the sort of charismatic politician who comes along only once a generation. The closest comparison to Hugo Chavez is probably Argentinas Juan Domingo Peron, another ex-military man turned populist strongman. Perons shadow still looms over Argentine politics, and only time will tell how long Chavez will continue to influence his homeland.

Statistics in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Statistics in Business - Essay Example When drawing inferences about a population, basically estimation and hypothesis testing is involved. Data may be quantitative or qualitative in nature. Qualitative data is data that is not numerical. Quantitative data on the other hand is numerical (involves numbers). Data can be measured in four levels: nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio (Anderson, Sweeney & Williams, 1994). The lowest of the four levels of data measurement is nominal and deals with labels, categories or names. Data that falls under the nominal level is usually qualitative. At this level, the data cannot be ordered and statistics can not be reasonably drawn from it. The second level of data measurement is ordinal. At this level, the data can only be ordered and ranked with no room to make meaning of the differences between the data. Data that can be ordered and in which sense can be made of their differences can be measured at the interval level. However, the data that falls in this category is known to have no starting point, examples being the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales used to measure temperature (Thompson, 2006). The highest level of data measurement is the ratio level. Data that falls in this category possesses all the characteristics of the interval level. In addition to these, the data has a zero value. Statistics plays an integral role in business decision making in the modern setup. In order to make sound business decisions, for example, an entrepreneur should have a good idea about the demand for their products. Based on statistics, the quality of products produced by a business may be verified (Anderson, Sweeney & Williams, 1994). Furthermore, statistical data may be used by managers to establish or evaluate customer satisfaction, evaluate risks, calculate loss or profit, and calculate financial ratios among other applications, all

Globalisation and the International Business Environment Essay

Globalisation and the International Business Environment - Essay Example 64-65) as the opposite of localisation; it is the process of adapting products for use outside the home nation (think steering wheels in cars or Chinese versions of Windows). Firms must internationalise if they want to sell to markets outside their home country, because foreign markets have different cultures, needs and wants, demanding that firms make adjustments to products and services, organisational structures, leadership and people systems, and supply chains, amongst others. In a landmark paper on the topic, Whitley (1994) observed that the post-war internationalisation process of firms was primarily driven by increases in foreign direct investment by transnational (or multinational) enterprises. This led to increased interdependence of the industrialised economies and changes in the world economy with the following characteristics: (1) the establishment of a distinct global system of coordination and competition, (2) the denationalisation of leading firms, and (3) the international standardisation of managerial structures and practices. It can be said that the natural progression from internationalisation to interdependence and greater integration of the world economy resulted in the complex phenomenon that we now call "globalisation". Globalisation is a concept that is best described than defined because of its complexity. A simple definition, like "globalisation is the integration of the world economy, reshaping business, reordering lives, creating social classes, different jobs, unimaginable wealth, and wretched poverty" (Micklethwait and Wooldridge, 2000, p. xvi), would not do justice to the term because it focuses too much on the economic aspect. Globalisation is much more than just money, business, and wealth. As Stiglitz (2002, p. 9-10) described it, globalisation "integrates countries and peoples, their economies and politics, their cultures and fates. It breaks down artificial barriers to the flow of goods, services, capital, knowledge, ideas, and (to a lesser extent) peoples across borders. It creates new institutions that joined with existing ones to work across borders". There are then good and bad sides, so whilst many condemn environmental degradation, corruption of cultures, and the spread of squalor, poverty, misery, and greed, many also praise the improved access to cheaper medicines and food, better living conditions, gradual eradication of poverty, and increased opportunities for millions of people around the globe. Therefore, whilst many consider internationalisation and globalisation as synonymous terms, the former would refer to an outward process where firms adapt to and increase their presence in international markets, whilst the latter can be described simply as its natural integrating result. Globalisation is nothing new, but in its past incarnations, the inability of previous generations to manage its bad side has made it a factor that led to two of the bloodiest wars that mankind has ever experienced. Knowing this background reminds us of what the philosopher Santayana said about learning the lessons of history so that we would not be doomed to repeat it. Main Drivers of Globalisation Like success which has many fathers, globalisation (according to whoever is the author) has many drivers (Yip, 2003; Johnson et al., 2003; Stiglitz, 2002; Micklethwait et al., 2000; Porter, 1990) that we can summarily classify into five groups. These drivers are the key

Understanding the Strength of Poetry Essay Example for Free

Understanding the Strength of Poetry Essay Poetry celebrates the senses, and sharpens the mind. These attributes make the genre a favorite among readers who like their literary adventures short; in as few as four brilliantly written lines, a poem reader emerges enlightened, his senses heightened by the verses. Such an experience is rendered by impeccable poets like Emily Dickinson and Langston Hughes. These two very different poets give us two very different poetic experiences, two very different voices.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Emily Dickinson’s strength as a poet lies in her ambiguity.    Most of her verses need at least a second reading, because her poetic style makes her poems unconventional readings. The use of dashes and capitalizations make the verses require attentive focus and intellectual understanding straightaway; they are not easy to read, compared to conventionally-written poems. Nevertheless, this writing style does not diminish the brilliance in the text; it instead enhances it. One example is the poem entitled, â€Å"Much Madness is divinest sense.†    The first two lines alone require a pause from the reader so he could go on and read the rest of the lines to be able to get the message of the poem. Another striking attribute of Dickinson’s poetry is her preference for death as a topic or as a symbol, at least based on the selection supplied for this paper.   The surprising thing about is that although the poems are largely about tragedy, madness and death, the verses do not have a melancholic feel about them. Dickinson seems to cushion the readers from feeling melancholia through her brilliant symbolism and her presentation of detailed evocations of the subject. For instance, in the poem entitled â€Å"After great pain, a formal feeling comes,† Dickinson likens sadness to death, the use of the words ‘tomb’ (line 2), ‘wooden’ (line 6) and stone (line 9) all pertain to, or connote death (please cite the page number of your resource here).   The poem describes the numb emotional state of a person, that space we go through after grieving and before moving on. The literary device used may be grim, but it is most appropriate. The poem succeeds because it effectively communicates the message. Emily Dickinson’s verses are a good read. Her ambiguity however, is what the reader likes and at the same time, dislikes about her. This is the attribute that makes her verses intriguing, the attribute that draws, magnetizes the reader to leaf through the pages; but it could also make the reader frustrated in trying to decode what Dickinson really meant. Despite this, the strength in Dickinson’s poetry is undeniable. She is one poet whose place in literature will always be secure.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Langston Hughes is in an entirely different position, compared to Dickinson. Most of his verses reverberate with racial and cultural themes, so that a reader needs to know his background to thoroughly enjoy his poems. Nevertheless, most of his poems in the selection provided for this paper have universal themes, so that the verses may be understood and interpreted as they are, without the cultural context. â€Å"Dream Deferred†, for instance talks about the figurative outcome of dreams, of plans, withheld. It causes a deep a resentment that could corrupt the soul; Hughes writes that the dream may, â€Å"fester like a sore/and then run† (lines 3-4), or â€Å"stink like rotten meat† (line 6) signifying a dreamer’s inadequacy to cope with his failure (please cite the page number here). Thus, the reader needs no cultural briefer to understand this poem and to fully relate with its themes. His poem, â€Å"Same in Blues† and â€Å"Mother to Son† also express universal themes.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"Same in Blues† is the illustration of dreams deferred, a humorous portrayal of goals not reached, dreams not fulfilled. â€Å"Mother to Son,† meanwhile, is a touching poem about a mother sharing her life experiences to her son, so that he may be able to handle life better. The language however, is unmistakably African-American. His other poems in the selection, however, weigh heavily on his African-American race and its sentiments. In the poems, â€Å"The Negro speaks of Rivers,† and â€Å"I, Too† Hughes gives a voice to the African-American people, asserting their clamor for an equal position in society and dignifying their identity as a people (please cite page number here). The strength of Langston Hughes as a poet lies in the strong voicing of his African-American convictions. He is an important figure in literature precisely because of his strong sense of racial pride. However, his poems appeal not only to the specific group of his race, but to everyone. His verses have the quality of boosting one’s pride in one’s identity and culture, certainly a universal theme every person can relate to.   Ã‚  What is most likeable in the poetry of Langston Hughes is its motivational effect for racial pride. Its verses seem to leap out from the pages and arouse the reader into asserting his racial and cultural identity. The attribute that may make the reader dislike Hughes’ verses is the fact that his poems are hinged on racial and cultural contexts. The reader who has no familiarity with the African-American culture may not feel the African-American sentiment. The reader must read up on African-American history first before thoroughly enjoying the Hughes poetic experience. Nonetheless, Langston Hughes is considered a premier poet, a true artistic hero among his people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The vicarious experiences offered by both brilliant poets, Emily Dickinson and Langston Hughes, affirm the strength of poetry to awaken the reader’s intellect and emotions.

Karl Marx Essays -- essays research papers

Karl Marx was the creator of Marxism and a new type of economy and government. His ideas were appealing to the working class people and emphasized the community rather than the individual. His theories spawned communism and his ideas still remain in effect in some modern day countries. Marx’s ideas originate from his experiences in Europe and his collaboration with Frederich Engels. In addition, Marx's work seems to be more of a criticism of Hegelian and other philosophy, than as a statement of his own philosophy. While Hegel felt that philosophy explained reality, Marx felt that philosophy should be made into reality, a hard thing to do. He thought that one must not just look at and inspect the world, but must try to transform the world, much like Jean Paul Sartre's view that "man must choose what is best for the world; and he will do so." Marx is unique from other philosophers in that he chooses to regard man as an individual, a human being. This is evident in his Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844. There, he declares that man is a "natural being" who is endowed with "natural [and] vital powers" that "exist in him as aptitudes [and] instincts." Humans simply struggle with nature for the satisfaction of man's needs. From this struggle comes man's awareness of himself as an individual and as something separate from nature. So, he seeks to oppose nature. He sees that...

Effective Training †Expectancy Theory Essay

Expectancy theory maintains that people will make an effort to achieve a standard of performance if they perceive that it will be rewarded by a desirable outcome (Wilson, 1999), giving more effort will result in better performance, these probable organizational rewards are valued by the employee, and better job performance will result to organizational rewards which includes an increase in benefits or salary. Desirable outcome is essentially a product of individual circumstances and perceptions and is therefore a subject to change. According to Wilson, at one time, lifelong employment and security of tenure at an equitable level of remuneration may have been the driving force for many employees. Those who have suffered the effect s of downsizing and redundancy are now likely to view the world in different manner, where jobs offering short term and reasonably remunerated employment prospects are more attractive than no job at all, and similarly, those in employment and those seeking employment are likely to have a positive view of work offering the prospect of development of differentiated and transferrable skills, as an investment in their future employability (Wilson, 1999). If one of the managers will say that he doesn’t have time for this theory stuff and he wants real-world training that will help him in his job, I will tell him first that, outsourcing, downsizing, delayering, and casualisation of jobs are all fashionable but these trends affect employees’ explicit or implicit relationships with their employer, and similarly, reduced career oppurtunities, shorter tenure, the need for transferrable skills to assist employability, and increased used of fixed term contracts weaken the traditional ties of loyalty to their company’s destiny psychologically as well as formally (Wilson, 1999). I will tell him that he should do anything which will encourage his employees to trust their organization or company because it is important to earn employees’ trust and loyalty to the company to achieve better productivity.

Benjamin Franklin by Edmund Morgan Essay

One of the most famous biographies ever written is said to be made by Edmund Morgan, when he accounted that of Benjamin Franklin’s life. He did so by presenting a very special style in analyzing Franklin’s existence. He made it possible by not narrating an everyday account with the use of dates, but instead accounted for the overall legacy of Franklin’s life. After reading the book, it can be said that the book establishes a broad view of Franklin’s existence. Franklin has been discussed as universally well-known for three things: his discovery of electricity, his writings, and his participation in the American Revolution. In this way, Morgan was able to present how Franklin has influenced the American, the government and the society as a whole. Born on January 17, 1706, young Franklin was presented by the author as a vigorous and curios one. It was also mentioned that his favorite past time was playing chess and singing songs. A further reading of the article shows that he also has his own belief in religion, which is â€Å"Sin is not harmful because it is forbidden, but it is forbidden because it is harmful. Nor is a duty beneficial because it is commanded, but it is commanded because it is beneficial. † As an individual, though he believes that God is the creator, he does attend mass and does not read bible. Nevertheless, it was at this stage of his life where he started writing about the virtues he believed in. A decade later, Franklin’s curiosity was instigated, when his English friend sent him Leyden jars for static electricity storage. Immediately, he started his own experiments with electricity. Subsequently, he discovered that a metal rod with a sharp end can ignite a spark from a greater distance than that of a rounded one. Based on the said findings, he proceeded on and proposed to conduct an experiment with a kite and a key to confirm that lightning is indeed electricity. His efforts proved him right, and his successful experiment discovering electricity made him famous. Among the study Franklin has made, includes that of the effect which ocean current has on travel and the pre germ theory. Morgan also touched the life of Franklin being a writer. According to Morgan, Franklin, though he left the field of printing earlier, he never left it totally. This was possible because he continuously carried out his work secretly as a printer in the field of philosophy, alongside with the renowned Poor Richard’s Almanack. He also succeeded in circulating numerous satirical hoax discourses. One of the popular speeches he made talks about a woman who had five illegitimate children and ironically claims to be following God’s word to increase and multiply. Franklin’s prominent pieces of writing talks about the qualities which he said would lead one to moral perfection, which includes Temperance, Chastity, Cleanliness, and Humility. It bears stressing that Franklin wrote these articles based from his own insights of good deeds against faith and not from religious dogma and sermons. The core of Franklin’s writings on religion imparts that a human being can be moral and god-fearing even without dogmatic presence of the church. As for Franklin’s participation in American Revolution, it can be gleaned from Morgan’s statement that the transition of America into an independent nation may not have been as easy were it not for Franklin’s efforts. His international relations with the British government and the French before, during, and after the hostilities proved very useful to America in instituting and re-instituting alliances. In the book, Franklin was presented to be one who is so influential in defending a pre-Revolution Philadelphia from French privateers, evenly allowing the British to preserve their influence in America and the colonies to resist division. This was due to Franklin’s belief that the British government was unyielding, but necessitates several modifications. All the complexities which were faced by Franklin in his life were discussed in the later part of the book. This occurred after he was sent to England in 1764 as a colonial agent, where he realized how complicated for someone from America to tackle these corrections, principally that of the colonists’ aspiration to elect their officials and to enjoy rights. On an ending note, Morgan went further when he made statement that depicted Adams as the most contentious colleague of Franklin during that time, and the reason for making living miserable for Franklin. BOOK REVIEW A reading of the book reveals that it was written in a narrative form, which trails more chronological events in Franklin’s life. Morgan made this possible by utilizing several quotations and pictures from Franklin’s works in telling his account. These help the person who reads in appreciating the events and thoughts from Franklin’s viewpoint. In some way, it can be said that the book is the best speech ever written, which comprises of an all-encompassing prologue, followed by a comprehensive series of events that is supplemented with optimistic tales and motivating truth imparted by Franklin. At this point of view, readers can say that Morgan’s writing technique is interwoven efficiently and wittily. Furthermore, he vividly sketches the outlines of Franklin’s growing outlook while unremarkably helping his readers grapple the details of his life in politics and the surfacing international condition during the American Revolution. From time to time, he even personally directed statements to the reader and alludes to what he himself is trying to understand about Franklin. On a different note, it could also be said that the story is of an adventure type that take hold of readers with the anecdotes of Franklin’s participation in the political events of 18th-century America. Nevertheless, the author did not lose sight of the significance of the other facet of the man’s qualities and the opinion and actions of others toward him. This was the reason for the biography’s success since it engages readers’ attention in the grand live stage show of this intriguing man’s life. One of the topics which were concentrated by Morgan in Franklin’s life, is his being diplomat. It was presented by the detailed account of Franklin’s vital role in the lengthy progression of calculations and miscalculations that pressed the loyal and dutiful British colonies into revolution and forged them into the United States of America. As written, Franklin, can be seen in every event, frequently behind the picture, but always exceptionally influential, a compelling catalyst for change, which has left an impact in the life of Americans and British government and society. Importantly, in this book we can learn that Franklin is the sole man whose signature maybe found on all four of the important founding documents of the American republic which are the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, the Treaty of Paris, and the Constitution. As for the impact Franklin’s life and this book may have in the society and public policy, it is important to mention that even if he did not believe in bible writings and the of the existence of God, he seems to have lived in an otherwise moral existence and have not lost sight of the need for people to be living with such religious morality. The most essential aspect of Franklin’s personality was his unselfish way of sharing to others and his belief that what is right is that which is beneficial. Thus, it can be inferred that one of the lessons in Franklin’s life which is being taught is that, being useful means providing the needs of other inhabitants, not only for one’s self, and that a man with an intelligence concerning him comes only to those individual who possesses a great heart. As for the economy, this book made us learn that Franklin, after experiencing his first achievement, had launched several successful commercial partnerships which lead to the development of the law of partnerships in America. This is said to be one of the many contributions Franklin has made in the history. Aside from the foregoing influences of Franklin has given to the society, it is of everyone’s knowledge that his greatest contribution was his discovery of electricity. This discovery was the product of his scientific curiosity which has originally established his fame in the world. In sum, it can be said that Morgan’s biography of Franklin imparts a representation of the renowned man with the kite that one might not anticipate in an intellectual biography. It is manifest from the opening that Morgan wishes the person who reads to see beyond the characterization of Franklin that we often read in books and articles. In this work, we came to learn, as stated at the outset, that Benjamin Franklin is famously known for three things: his experiments with electricity, his writings, and his involvement in the American Revolution. However, it is important to note that the behavior that Morgan actually wishes for the reader to be aware of is that to successful in this world, one should posse’s inquisitiveness and enthrallment with the world around him, coupled with a serene obsession for the intellectual strength of persons, and a benevolent social servitude. Reference: www. class. uidaho. edu/Engl440/NYRB/NRYB_Edmund_Morgan. htm, Retrieved April 09, 2007. http://www. brothersjudd. com/index. cfm/fuseaction/reviews. detail/book_id/1183/Benjamin%20Fra. htm Retrieved April 09, 2007

Ignacio Allende, Champion of Mexican Independence

Ignacio Allende, Champion of Mexican Independence Ignacio Josà © de Allende y Unzaga (January 21, 1769–June 26, 1811) was a Mexican-born officer in the Spanish army who switched sides and fought for independence. He fought in the early part of the conflict alongside the â€Å"Father of Mexican Independence,† Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla. Although Allende and Hidalgo had some initial success against the Spanish colonial forces, both were eventually captured and executed in 1811. Fast Facts: Ignacio Allende Known For: Taking up arms in the cause of Mexican independenceAlso Known As: Ignacio Josà © de Allende y UnzagaBorn: January 21, 1769 in San Miguel el Grande,  Guanajuato,  New Spain (now  San Miguel de Allende, Mexico)Parents: Domingo Narciso de Allende, Marà ­a Ana de UnzagaDied: June 26, 1811 in Chihuahua,  Nueva Vizcaya,  New Spain (now Mexico)Spouse: Maria de la Luz Agustina de las Fuentes  Children: Indalecio Allende,  Josà © Guadalupe Allende,  Juana Marà ­a Allende Early Life Allende was born to a wealthy Creole family in the town of San Miguel el Grande (the name of the town is now San Miguel de Allende in his honor) on January 21, 1769. As a young man, he led a life of privilege and joined the army while in his 20s. He was an able officer, and some of his promotions would come at the hands of his future foe General Fà ©lix Calleja. By 1808 he returned to San Miguel, where he was put in charge of a royal cavalry regiment. Conspiracies Allende apparently became convinced fairly early on of the need for Mexico to become independent from Spain, perhaps as early as 1806. There was evidence that he was part of an underground conspiracy in Valladolid in 1809, but he was not punished, probably because the conspiracy was quashed before it could go anywhere and he was a skilled officer from a good family. In early 1810, he became involved in another conspiracy, this one led by Mayor of Querà ©taro Miguel Domà ­nguez and his wife. Allende was a valued leader because of his training, contacts, and charisma. The revolution was set to begin in December 1810. El Grito de Dolores The conspirators secretly ordered weapons and spoke to influential Creole military officers, bringing many over to their cause. But in September 1810, they got word that their conspiracy had been found out and warrants were issued for their arrests. Allende was in Dolores on September 15 with Father Hidalgo when they heard the bad news. They decided to start the revolution then and there as opposed to hiding. The next morning, Hidalgo rang the church bells and gave his legendary â€Å"Grito de Dolores† or Cry of Dolores, in which he exhorted the poor of Mexico to take up arms against their Spanish oppressors. The Siege of Guanajuato Allende and Hidalgo suddenly found themselves at the head of an angry mob. They marched on San Miguel, where the mob murdered Spaniards and looted their homes: it must have been difficult for Allende to see this happen in his hometown. After passing through the town of Celaya, which wisely surrendered without a shot, the mob marched on the city of Guanajuato where 500 Spaniards and royalists had fortified the large public granary and prepared to fight. The angry mob fought the defenders for five hours before overrunning the granary, massacring all inside. Then they turned their attention to the city, which was sacked. Monte de Las Cruces The insurgent army continued to make its way toward Mexico City, which began to panic when word of the horrors of Guanajuato reached its citizens. Viceroy Francisco Xavier Venegas hastily scraped together all of the infantry and cavalries he could muster and sent them out to meet the rebels. The royalists and insurgents met on October 30, 1810, at the Battle of Monte de las Cruces not far outside of Mexico City. The barely 1,500 royalists fought bravely but could not defeat the horde of 80,000 insurgents. Mexico City appeared to be within the reach of the rebels. Retreat With Mexico City within their grasp, Allende and Hidalgo did the unthinkable: they retreated back toward Guadalajara. Historians are unsure why they did: all agree that it was a mistake. Allende was in favor of pressing on, but Hidalgo, who controlled the masses of peasants and Indians making up the bulk of the army, overrode him. The retreating army was caught in a skirmish near Aculco by a larger force led by General Calleja and split up: Allende went to Guanajuato and Hidalgo to Guadalajara. Schism Although Allende and Hidalgo agreed on independence, they disagreed on much, particularly on how to wage war. Allende, the professional soldier, was aghast at Hidalgo’s encouragement of the looting of towns and the executions of all Spaniards they came across. Hidalgo argued that the violence was necessary and that without the promise of loot, most of their army would desert. Not all of the army was made up of angry peasants: there were some Creole army regiments, and these were almost all loyal to Allende: when the two men split up, most of the professional soldiers went to Guanajuato with Allende. The Battle of Calderon Bridge Allende fortified Guanajuato, but Calleja, turning his attention to Allende first, drove him out. Allende was forced to retreat to Guadalajara and rejoin Hidalgo. There, they decided to make a defensive stand at the strategic Calderon Bridge. On January 17, 1810, Calleja’s well-trained royalist army met the insurgents there. It seemed that the vast insurgent numbers would carry the day, but a lucky Spanish cannonball ignited a rebel munitions dump, and in the ensuing chaos the undisciplined rebels scattered. Hidalgo, Allende and the other insurgent leaders were forced out of Guadalajara, most of their army gone. Death As they made their way north, Allende had finally had enough of Hidalgo. He stripped him of command and arrested him. Their relationship had already deteriorated so badly that Allende had tried to poison Hidalgo while they were both in Guadalajara before the battle of Calderà ³n Bridge. Hidalgo’s removal became a moot point on March 21, 1811, when Ignacio Elizondo, an insurgent commander, betrayed and captured Allende, Hidalgo and the other insurgency leaders as they made their way north. The leaders were sent to the city of Chihuahua, where all were tried and executed. Allende, Juan Aldama, and Mariano Jimenez were killed on June 26, while Hidalgo died on July 30. Their four heads were sent to hang on the corners of the public granary of Guanajuato. Legacy It was unfortunate for the Mexicans involved in the struggle for Independence that Hidalgo and Allende quarreled so bitterly. In spite of their differences, the tactician and soldier and the charismatic priest made a very good team, something they realized at the end when it was too late. Allende is today remembered as one of the great leaders of the early Mexican Independence movement, and his remains rest in Mexico City’s hallowed Independence Column alongside those of Hidalgo, Jimà ©nez, Aldama, and others. His hometown of San Miguel el Grande was renamed in his honor: San Miguel de Allende. Sources Harvey, Robert. Liberators: Latin America’s Struggle for Independence. Woodstock: The Overlook Press, 2000.Lynch, John. The Spanish American Revolutions 1808-1826. New York: W. W. Norton Company, 1986.Scheina, Robert L. Latin America’s Wars, Volume 1: The Age of the Caudillo 1791-1899. Washington, D.C.: Brassey’s Inc., 2003.Villalpando, Josà © Manuel. Miguel Hidalgo. Mexico City: Editorial Planeta, 2002.

An Analysis of the Depiction of Horaces Philosophy of Life in Gather Ye Rosebuds, A Quiet Life, and Rustic Joys

An Analysis of the Depiction of Horace's Philosophy of Life in Gather Ye Rosebuds, A Quiet Life, and Rustic Joys Horace’s philosophy of life, I believe, can be summed up quite effectively by this line on his poem Gather Ye Rosebuds, addressed to Leuconoe: â€Å"This day’s thine own, the next may be denied†. Horace is all about finding fulfilment in life through enjoyment of â€Å"the present hour†, and living a life worth living. He finds no joy in wars or worries, but says that life is only worth living if you can enjoy it as much as possible. Gather Ye Rosebuds is the first poem in which Horace attests to this philosophy of life. He tells Leuconoe that he does not care what astrologers predict, or whatever may befall him, he believes that we are powerless to act in opposition to the fate of the world, so one should drink a lot, be happy, don’t think about the future, and generally enjoy each day as it comes. While we debate politics or future uncertainties, time that you could be enjoying slips away. I think this shows Horace’s philosophy of life most strongly. Horace also tells us that deciding to save and be stringent with money is a waste. â€Å"Enjoy your possessions while they are yours† is a poem that describes death, and the inevitability of it, but also contrasts it with the beauty of life that you could be enjoying right now. He describes a beautiful villa on the banks of the river Tiber, that you worked long and hard to purchase, just for your heirs to swoop in and grab up all your hoarded gold, then presumably go and waste it. Horace wants us to enjoy the use of our money now, and not worry about leaving it to anyone, because you’ll be dead, and they’ll squander it anyway. He also mentions this in â€Å"We all must die†, saying that death is inevitable, and your heirs will quickly forget about you once you’re dead, so there’s no use giving them everything you made. The philosophy of Horace also includes his wish to escape from ‘all this’, in â€Å"A Quiet Life†, he talks at length about the fact that humans fight, humans struggle, humans live to find a calm and quiet life after the fact. Soldiers endure their hunger, cold and marches because they want to return home to peace. Money and power doesn’t calm the chaos inside of one’s mind, nor does being king. Horace preaches that one is with few means, but is perfectly happy with this means, and does not seek constantly more, more, more. All the happiest man wants, is peace and quiet. You can’t escape your fate, no bodyguards will let you outrun fear, so one should laugh and be merry to drown all of those negative feelings, and aim to live a quiet, peaceful life. In â€Å"Enjoy the Present Hour†, Horace again shows his philosophy of living life to the fullest. He talks about a depressingly cold mountainside outside, but revels in the warmth of his hearth, the wine, and a bit of light conversation to pass the time. He says that the future is the gods’ domain, let them worry about the weather and the seasons, life and death, â€Å"Lay hold upon the present hour†, and live in the moment. He says that one day we will all see death coming for us, at some point, and old age will wrack our bodies, but one has to love their youth before these things, to live a fulfilled life. The best times are now, and only the gods need worry about tomorrow. Horace embraces his own philosophy in Rustic Joys, here talks about how blessed it is to be free from debts, from work, from creditors and other stresses of city life. Horace writes about the beauty of nature, and his love of just being in the countryside, living a quiet life of small pleasures. The man described is a skilled worker, and has skilful hands, Horace respects his skill at work, and the beauty of it. He says the pleasure of a simple life such as this would remove all troubles from the world, such as a lover lost. He romanticises a life in the countryside in the peace and quiet as something with no worries or preoccupations, and that all should strive to life like the man who works on the farm.

Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) - Research Paper Example Requirements consist of the applicant of court orders to ban advertising systems and payment services from carrying out business with the offending websites and search engines links to sites, and court orders demanding suppliers on the Internet to disallow accessing sites. The bill would expand the criminal law to consist of the unauthorized transmission of copyrighted material, setting a maximum penalty of 5 years imprisonment2. The bill has grave implications for the current structure of the Internet in every sense as it allows the Justice Department and the owners of intellectual property, obtain court orders against those sites or services that allow or facilitate the infringement of alleged copyright, including: Block by ISPs to the website or service in question, including hosting, and even DNS level (although this has been a discussion). Facilitate collection companies on the internet (like PayPal) to freeze funds and restrict the use of the service. Block the sites that provi de advertising services. For example, Google Adsense cannot offer web service complained if this law was to be approved. It should remove links to the web or service reported. The bill declares a criminal offense to unauthorized radio broadcast or other distribution of copyrighted content with the punishing of the guilty with the maximum penalty of imprisonment for a term of 5 years. ... Under the bill, any member of a network on the Internet – from service providers, search engines and even the advertisers – in fact, require treatment for any owner to stop providing services to the resource, accused of piracy, and to stop any interaction with them (for example, close the channel, pay for content, suspend the ad contract, to limit the effect of the payment system, delete the site from Google to remove links to the site, completely block a site to visit, to prohibit the payment systems (such as PayPal, Visa, etc.) to make payments in favor of services and so on); otherwise, any of the direct and indirect accused of counterparties site will be regarded as his partner. Under the eyes of this new law, merely to get on your wall a picture, document or video that has a copyright will be considered a crime. This bill was welcomed by the entertainment industry in the United States and members of both parties. The funny thing is that this kind of activity is man y times promoted by the entertainment industry itself since they are the same fans who virally promote their favorite artists through social networks. Supporters of the bill argue that it is necessary to maintain profit organizations, employment and intellectual property protection in their respective industries (movies, music, software, etc.), especially states that it will help deal effectively with services outside the U.S. outside their jurisdiction. According to them it provides a protection to the market for intellectual property, employment and income, and need to strengthen enforcement of copyright laws, especially against foreign Web sites. Alleging defects in existing laws do not include foreign sites owned and functioned, and cited examples of "active promotion of the websites